Search results for "Muscle Spindles"

showing 6 items of 6 documents

Continuous, bilateral Achilles' tendon vibration is not detrimental to human walk.

2001

Sensory feedback from the moving limbs contributes to the regulation of animal and human locomotion. However, the question of the specific role of the various modalities is still open. Further, functional loss of leg afferent fibres due to peripheral neuropathy does not always lead to major alteration in the gait pattern. In order to gain further insight on proprioceptive control of human gait, we applied vibratory tendon stimulation, known to recruit spindle primary afferent fibres, to both triceps surae muscles during normal floor walk. This procedure would disturb organisation and execution of walking, especially if spindles fire continuously and subjects are blindfolded. Vibration induc…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyElectromyographyAchilles TendonVibrationFunctional LateralityFeedbackPhysical medicine and rehabilitationGait (human)Physical StimulationmedicineHumansMuscle SkeletalGaitMuscle SpindlesAchilles tendonAfferent Pathwaysmedicine.diagnostic_testProprioceptionbusiness.industryElectromyographyGeneral NeuroscienceBiomechanicsNeural InhibitionAnatomyMiddle AgedProprioceptionTrunkTendonBiomechanical Phenomenamedicine.anatomical_structureAnklebusinessMuscle ContractionBrain research bulletin
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Small-signal analysis of the encoder mechanism in the lobster stretch receptor and the frog and cat muscle spindle.

1975

Ausgehend von der Leitwert-Potential-Beziehung als Bedingung fur die Impulsauslosung an erregbaren Membranen (Chaplain, 1974) wird eine Kleinsignal-Analyse des Kodierungsvorganges in Mechanorezeptoren beschrieben. Hierbei wird die Theorie der Systeme mit zeitvariablen Parametern angewendet. Das beschriebene mathematische Modell erlaubt quantitative Aussagen fur den Frequenzgang unabhangig davon ob die Momentafrequenz oder die Impulsdichte als Ausgangssignal betrachtet wird. Die Approximation experimenteller Daten gelingt sowohl fur die Ansteuerung des Kodierers bei intrazellularer Stromstimulierung im Fall des Dehnungsrezeptors wie auch durch Leitwertanderungen als Folge des mechano-elektri…

PhysicsGeneral Computer ScienceModels NeurologicalCatsAction PotentialsAnimalsAnuraMolecular biologyMechanoreceptorsMuscle SpindlesBiotechnologyNephropidaeBiological cybernetics
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The fine structure of denervated and reinnervated muscle spindles: morphometric study of intrafusal muscle fibers.

1979

The fine structure of normal, denervated, and reinnervated muscle spindles in lower lumbrical muscles of rats was studied morphometrically at time intervals ranging from 3-14 months. In control spindles, the mean transverse area of mitochondria was estimated to be more than twice as large in nuclear chain than in typical nuclear bag fibers. Following denervation, there was a severe decrease of the mean number and transverse area of mitochondria, and a moderate, but statistically significant decrease of the mean transverse area of intrafusal muscle fibers (IMFs) despite an increase of the number of IMFs. At 12-14 months of reinnervation, changes of the transverse areas of IMFs were statistic…

DenervationBiometryTime FactorsChemistryMuscle fiber atrophyMuscle spindleAnatomyMuscle DenervationPathology and Forensic MedicineMitochondria MuscleRatsCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMuscular Atrophymedicine.anatomical_structuremedicineAnimalsNeurology (clinical)Muscle SpindlesReinnervationActa neuropathologica
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Bilateral reciprocal organisation in man: focus on IA interneurone

1994

The H reflex of flexor carpi radialis and radial-induced reciprocal inhibition were recorded in normal subjects during conditioning stimulation of the contralateral median or radial nerves. It was found that stimulation of the contralateral median nerve enhanced the degree of reciprocal inhibition exerted by the radial nerve on the median nerve, while contralateral radial nerve stimulation reduced the reciprocal inhibition exerted by the extensor on the flexor. In two subjects in which a pure extensor H reflex was recorded specular features were observed following contralateral median and radial stimulation. These findings are considered to be the electrophysiological manifestation of contr…

AdultStimulationFunctional LateralityH-ReflexInterneuronsmedicineHumansMuscle SpindlesBiological PsychiatryRadial nerveMotor NeuronsAfferent Pathwaysbusiness.industryReciprocal inhibitionExtremitiesAnatomymusculoskeletal systemSpinal cordMedian nerveMedian NervePsychiatry and Mental healthElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyUpper limbRadial NerveNeurology (clinical)H-reflexbusinessJournal of Neural Transmission
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The fine structure of de-and reinnervated muscle spindles

1974

Reinnervated muscle spindles in lower lumbrical muscles of rats studied 17 days to 24 months after crushing the sciatic nerve showed a series of alterations which have not been analysed, thus far, by electron microscopy. There was a striking increase of the number of intrafusal muscle fibers seen in approximately 20% of reinnervated spindles. These spindles showed 5–11 intrafusal muscle fibers whereas normal spindles usually contained 3–4 fibers only.

Nerve CrushMuscle spindleMotor nerveSensory systemBasement MembranePathology and Forensic Medicinelaw.inventionCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMuscle pathologyMyofibrilslawmedicineAnimalsMuscle SpindlesMotor NeuronsMuscle DenervationChemistryAnatomySciatic NerveAxonsMuscle DenervationNerve RegenerationRatsMicroscopy ElectronIntercellular Junctionsmedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleSchwann CellsNeurology (clinical)Sciatic nerveElectron microscopeWallerian DegenerationActa Neuropathologica
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Erbb2 regulates neuromuscular synapse formation and is essential for muscle spindle development

2003

Neuregulins and their Erbb receptors have been implicated in neuromuscular synapse formation by regulating gene expression in subsynaptic nuclei. To analyze the function of Erbb2 in this process, we have inactivated the Erbb2 gene in developing muscle fibers by Cre/Lox-mediated gene ablation. Neuromuscular synapses form in the mutant mice, but the synapses are less efficient and contain reduced levels of acetylcholine receptors. Surprisingly, the mutant mice also show proprioceptive defects caused by abnormal muscle spindle development. Sensory Ia afferent neurons establish initial contact with Erbb2-deficient myotubes. However, functional spindles never develop. Taken together, our data su…

Receptor ErbB-2Muscle spindleNeuromuscular JunctionMice TransgenicBiologySynaptic TransmissionNeuromuscular junctionSynapseMiceErbB ReceptorsmedicineAnimalsHumansMuscle SkeletalPromoter Regions Geneticskin and connective tissue diseasesMuscle SpindlesMolecular BiologyAcetylcholine receptorMice KnockoutAfferent PathwaysMyogenesisGenes erbB-2ActinsMice Mutant StrainsCell biologyMice Inbred C57BLmedicine.anatomical_structureSilent synapseNeuregulinSignal TransductionDevelopmental BiologyDevelopment
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